{"id":10585,"date":"2023-12-05T13:45:02","date_gmt":"2023-12-05T12:45:02","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/archive.displayeurope.eu\/?post_type=article&p=10585"},"modified":"2024-06-24T22:16:23","modified_gmt":"2024-06-24T20:16:23","slug":"je-vzestup-daleke-pravice-v-evrope-nevyhnutelny","status":"publish","type":"article","link":"https:\/\/archive.displayeurope.eu\/cs\/article\/je-vzestup-daleke-pravice-v-evrope-nevyhnutelny\/","title":{"rendered":"Je vzestup krajn\u00ed pravice v Evrop\u011b nevyhnuteln\u00fd?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Vliv krajn\u00ed pravice na evropskou politiku nen\u00ed ni\u010d\u00edm nov\u00fdm a od roku 2000 nab\u00edr\u00e1 na s\u00edle. V posledn\u00edch t\u00fddnech v\u0161ak m\u00e9dia a odborn\u00edci v\u011bnuj\u00ed velkou pozornost prosazov\u00e1n\u00ed krajn\u011b pravicov\u00fdch stran<\/a> ve ve\u0159ejn\u00fdch debat\u00e1ch nap\u0159\u00ed\u010d kontinentem. Je to „nov\u00e1 \u00e9ra ve v\u00fdvoji“, tvrd\u00ed v\u00fdzkumn\u00edci Gilles Ivaldi<\/strong> a Andreu Torner<\/strong> vlo\u017eil<\/a> do The Conversation<\/em><\/strong> (FR), a zm\u011bn\u011bn\u00e1 politick\u00e1 krajina pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b ovlivn\u00ed „politickou rovnov\u00e1hu Unie na Evropsk\u00e9 volby v \u010dervnu 2024<\/a>„.  <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Snad nejz\u0159eteln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed p\u0159\u00edpadovou studi\u00ed je N\u00e1rodn\u00ed shrom\u00e1\u017ed\u011bn\u00ed (RN) v Francii<\/a>. S 28 % podle posledn\u00edho pr\u016fzkumu Ifop<\/a> ze 17. \u0159\u00edjna si RN od srpna polep\u0161ila o 3 procentn\u00ed body a „zv\u011bt\u0161uje n\u00e1skok p\u0159ed sv\u00fdmi soupe\u0159i“, zpr\u00e1vy<\/a> Davide Basso v Euractiv (FR). Poukazuje na to, \u017ee „p\u0159i volb\u00e1ch v roce 2019 byly RN a prezidentsk\u00e1 strana (La R\u00e9publique en Marche, nyn\u00ed Renaissance) na dost\u0159el, [zat\u00edmco] nyn\u00ed je rozd\u00edl [osm] bod\u016f“. Z\u00e1v\u011br tohoto politick\u00e9ho novin\u00e1\u0159e: „tv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed v tv\u00e1\u0159 krachu sv\u00e9ho spojence Mattea Salviniho v It\u00e1lii<\/a> by RN mohla p\u0159evz\u00edt veden\u00ed skupiny Identita a demokracie (ID), kter\u00e1 sdru\u017euje euroskeptickou krajn\u00ed pravici v Evropsk\u00e9m parlamentu.“<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Krajn\u00ed pravice vstoupila do hlavn\u00edho politick\u00e9ho proudu v Portugalsku<\/a>, kter\u00e9 bylo dlouho pova\u017eov\u00e1no za v\u00fdjimku. Strana Chega byla zalo\u017eena a\u017e na za\u010d\u00e1tku roku 2019 a do parlamentu se dostala a\u017e v lednu 2022. Prosadila se jako t\u0159et\u00ed nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed volebn\u00ed s\u00edla v zemi, a to jen n\u011bkolik m\u011bs\u00edc\u016f p\u0159ed p\u0159ed\u010dasn\u00fdmi volbami, kter\u00e9 se uskute\u010dn\u00ed 10. b\u0159ezna po rezignaci premi\u00e9ra Ant\u00f3nia Costy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V \u0160v\u00e9dsku<\/a> se protiimigra\u010dn\u00ed politick\u00fd diskurz p\u0159itvrdil pot\u00e9, co krajn\u011b pravicov\u00ed \u0160v\u00e9d\u0161t\u00ed demokrat\u00e9 skon\u010dili v parlamentn\u00edch volb\u00e1ch v roce 2022 na druh\u00e9m m\u00edst\u011b. Sloupka\u0159ka Ann-Sophie Hermanssonov\u00e1<\/strong>, \u010dlenka Soci\u00e1ln\u011bdemokratick\u00e9 strany a b\u00fdval\u00e1 starostka G\u00f6teborgu, druh\u00e9ho nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edho m\u011bsta v zemi, argumentuje<\/a> v den\u00edku G\u00f6teborgs-Posten<\/strong><\/em> \u017ee rostouc\u00ed probl\u00e9m islamist\u016f ve \u0160v\u00e9dsku nebyl \u0159e\u0161en v\u010das.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V N\u011bmecku<\/a> se AfD dostala v region\u00e1ln\u00edch volb\u00e1ch konan\u00fdch 8. \u0159\u00edjna p\u0159ed t\u0159i vl\u00e1dn\u00ed strany a po p\u0159edchoz\u00edch \u00fasp\u011b\u0161\u00edch v Durynsku potvrdila sv\u00e9 postaven\u00ed v Bavorsku, zpr\u00e1vy<\/a> listu Tageszeitung<\/em><\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V \u0160pan\u011blsku<\/a> se krajn\u011b pravicov\u00e1 strana Vox dostala v z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed do vl\u00e1dy v&nbspp\u00e1t\u00e9m regionu, Murcii, d\u00edky koali\u010dn\u00ed dohod\u011b s&nbspLidovou stranou (PP). Hraje st\u00e1le v\u00fdznamn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed roli politick\u00e9ho pot\u00ed\u017eisty, zpr\u00e1vy<\/a> El Confidencial<\/em><\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

M\u00e1 soci\u00e1ln\u00ed demokracie je\u0161t\u011b budoucnost?, pt\u00e1 se<\/a> akademik Paolo Gerbaudo v italsk\u00e9 revue Il Mulino<\/strong><\/em>. Podle studie<\/a> autora Giacoma Benedetta<\/strong>, Simone Hix<\/strong> a Nicola Mastrorocco<\/strong> cituje ve sv\u00e9m \u010dl\u00e1nku: „zat\u00edmco d\u0159\u00edve evropsk\u00e9 soci\u00e1ln\u011bdemokratick\u00e9 strany z\u00edsk\u00e1valy v pr\u016fm\u011bru p\u0159es 40 % hlas\u016f, nyn\u00ed se jejich pod\u00edl smrskl na 20 %. A relativn\u00ed \u00fasp\u011bch \u0161pan\u011blsk\u00e9 PSOE by n\u00e1s tv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed v tv\u00e1\u0159 tomuto chmurn\u00e9mu celkov\u00e9mu obrazu nem\u011bl zm\u00e1st“. Ob\u00e1v\u00e1 se, \u017ee „p\u0159\u00ed\u0161t\u00ed evropsk\u00e9 volby budou znamenat dal\u0161\u00ed por\u00e1\u017eku, zejm\u00e9na vzhledem k zoufal\u00e9 situaci SPD v N\u011bmecku“. V\u00fdzkumn\u00edk v\u0161ak vid\u00ed i mo\u017en\u00fd „obrat od st\u00e1tn\u00edho nezasahov\u00e1n\u00ed a neoliber\u00e1ln\u00ed doktr\u00edny samoreguluj\u00edc\u00edch se trh\u016f“, kdy se vr\u00e1t\u00ed „po\u017eadavky na p\u0159erozd\u011blov\u00e1n\u00ed, st\u00e1vky za vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed mzdy a dirigistickou pr\u016fmyslovou politiku, zejm\u00e9na pro \u00fa\u010dely ekologick\u00e9 transformace“.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V Polsku<\/a> v parlamentn\u00edch volb\u00e1ch<\/a> 15. \u0159\u00edjna zv\u00edt\u011bzila opozice veden\u00e1 b\u00fdval\u00fdm p\u0159edsedou Evropsk\u00e9 rady Donaldem Tuskem<\/a>, \u010d\u00edm\u017e skon\u010dila osmilet\u00e1 vl\u00e1da PiS. „Nad\u011bje se vr\u00e1tila“, prohl\u00e1sil<\/a> publicista Michael Sutowski <\/strong>v levicov\u00e9m \u010dasopise Krytyka Polityczna<\/em><\/strong> (PL) v p\u0159edve\u010der voleb. Za kl\u00ed\u010dovou prioritu nov\u00e9 vl\u00e1dy pova\u017euje \u0161kolstv\u00ed a vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed, kter\u00e9 byly po\u0161kozeny politikou PiS.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V den\u00edku The Guardian<\/em><\/strong> (CZ) francouz\u0161t\u00ed ekonomov\u00e9 Julia Cag\u00e9<\/strong> a Thomas Piketty<\/strong>, auto\u0159i knihy D\u011bjiny politick\u00e9ho konfliktu: Volby a politick\u00e9 nerovnosti ve Francii. 1789-2022<\/a> poukazuj\u00ed<\/a> pro\u010d nen\u00ed sm\u011b\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed Evropy doprava nevyhnuteln\u00e9. Levicov\u00e9 strany v\u0161ak mus\u00ed p\u0159estat pl\u00fdtvat energi\u00ed na migra\u010dn\u00ed ot\u00e1zku, kterou auto\u0159i pova\u017euj\u00ed za „politickou slepou uli\u010dku“, pokud chce levice z\u00edskat zp\u011bt ztracen\u00e9 voli\u010de z \u0159ad d\u011blnick\u00e9 t\u0159\u00eddy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

P\u0159ij\u00edm\u00e1n\u00ed politiky krajn\u011b pravicov\u00fdch stran nen\u00ed pro soci\u00e1ln\u00ed demokraty a odbory v\u00edt\u011bznou strategi\u00ed, souhlas\u00ed<\/a> Daphne Halikiopoulou<\/strong> a Tim Vlandas<\/strong> ve studii pro Evropsk\u00fd odborov\u00fd institut<\/strong> s n\u00e1zvem „Jak \u010delit vylu\u010dovac\u00ed politice krajn\u00ed pravice progresivn\u00edm a inkluzivn\u00edm programem rovnosti“. Do\u0161li k z\u00e1v\u011bru, \u017ee „zaseknut\u00ed se v ot\u00e1zk\u00e1ch bezpe\u010dnosti nen\u00ed nevyhnuteln\u00e9“.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Na stejn\u00e9 t\u00e9ma<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n
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Alternativa pro Rusko: Jak se AfD systematicky obrac\u00ed k Rusku<\/strong><\/a><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Marcus Bensman | Correctiv<\/em> | 19. \u0159\u00edjna | CZ<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Bude ji\u017en\u00ed N\u011bmecko brzy sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed Eurasie? Takovou geopolitickou vizi si podle Correctivu p\u011bstuje bavorsk\u00e1 region\u00e1ln\u00ed sekce AfD. The investigativn\u00ed port\u00e1l<\/a> upozor\u0148uje, \u017ee n\u011bmeck\u00e1 krajn\u011b pravicov\u00e1 strana se st\u00e1le otev\u0159en\u011bji obrac\u00ed k Rusku<\/a>. Krom\u011b \u010detn\u00fdch n\u00e1vrh\u016f p\u0159edlo\u017een\u00fdch v Bundestagu se jej\u00ed volebn\u00ed manifest<\/a> t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 nezmi\u0148uje o z\u00e1padn\u00ed Evrop\u011b a NATO a hovo\u0159\u00ed o Spojen\u00fdch st\u00e1tech<\/a>  „a zejm\u00e9na o jejich prezidentovi Joe Bidenovi“ s odpov\u011bdnost\u00ed za v\u00e1lku v Ukrajin\u011b<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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„P\u0159ed sto lety byly Hitlerovy \u0161ance na \u00fasp\u011bch k\u0159ehk\u00e9“, rozhovor s Ianem Kershawem<\/strong><\/a><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Florian Louis, Baptiste Roger-Lacan | Le Grand Continent<\/em> | 8. listopadu | FR<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

V rozhovoru pro Le Grand Continent se Ian Kershaw ohl\u00ed\u017e\u00ed za ranou histori\u00ed nacistick\u00e9 strany. Tento v\u00fdznamn\u00fd Hitler\u016fv \u017eivotopisec poznamen\u00e1v\u00e1, \u017ee pokus nacistick\u00e9ho v\u016fdce o pu\u010d se odehr\u00e1l „v \u0161ir\u0161\u00edm bavorsk\u00e9m kontextu, v n\u011bm\u017e se r\u016fzn\u00e9 autorit\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9 frakce sna\u017eily svrhnout n\u011bmeckou demokratickou vl\u00e1du […]. Bavorsko, kter\u00e9 od prvn\u00ed sv\u011btov\u00e9 v\u00e1lky inklinovalo ke krajn\u00ed pravici, bylo obzvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b rozbou\u0159en\u00e9 [a jeho] povstaleckou atmosf\u00e9ru podn\u011bcovaly vnitrost\u00e1tn\u00ed krize, jako byla hyperinflace a francouzsk\u00e1 okupace Por\u00fdn\u00ed“.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Pro\u010d Putin vol\u00ed chaos<\/strong><\/a><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Fran\u00e7oise Thom | Desk Russie<\/em> | 17. \u0159\u00edjna | FR<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Na str\u00e1nk\u00e1ch Desk Russie<\/a> de\u0161ifruje badatelka Fran\u00e7oise Thom Vladim\u00edra Putina<\/a> dlouh\u00fd projev<\/a> (EN) na plen\u00e1rn\u00edm zased\u00e1n\u00ed Valdajsk\u00e9ho klubu 5. \u0159\u00edjna. V projevu byla vylo\u017eena snaha Kremlu zni\u010dit mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed \u0159\u00e1d a vytvo\u0159it chaos, aby se mohl „odd\u00e1vat bezuzdn\u00e9mu drancov\u00e1n\u00ed“, v\u010detn\u011b Putinovy otev\u0159en\u00e9 podpory Ham\u00e1su.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

– Catherine Andr\u00e9<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

P\u0159eklad: Harry Bowden<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Ka\u017ed\u00fd m\u011bs\u00edc se ve spolupr\u00e1ci s Display Europe podrobn\u011b v\u011bnujeme t\u00e9mat\u016fm svobod a demokracie v evropsk\u00fdch m\u00e9di\u00edch. \u0160est m\u011bs\u00edc\u016f p\u0159ed volbami do Evropsk\u00e9ho parlamentu je patrn\u00fd politick\u00fd zlom. Dominantn\u00ed t\u00e9mata radik\u00e1ln\u00ed pravice posledn\u00edch 25 let – p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm imigrace – nyn\u00ed prostupuj\u00ed celou ve\u0159ejnou debatou.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":10550,"parent":0,"template":"","tags":[],"displeu_category":[],"class_list":["post-10585","article","type-article","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/archive.displayeurope.eu\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/article\/10585","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/archive.displayeurope.eu\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/article"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/archive.displayeurope.eu\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/article"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/archive.displayeurope.eu\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/archive.displayeurope.eu\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/10550"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/archive.displayeurope.eu\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=10585"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/archive.displayeurope.eu\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=10585"},{"taxonomy":"displeu_category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/archive.displayeurope.eu\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/displeu_category?post=10585"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}