{"id":31504,"date":"2024-03-18T16:08:21","date_gmt":"2024-03-18T15:08:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/archive.displayeurope.eu\/?post_type=article&p=31504"},"modified":"2024-09-06T16:36:32","modified_gmt":"2024-09-06T14:36:32","slug":"abject-before-the-law-assange-begum-and-rule-of-law","status":"publish","type":"article","link":"https:\/\/archive.displayeurope.eu\/cs\/article\/abject-before-the-law-assange-begum-and-rule-of-law\/","title":{"rendered":"Abject Before The Law: Assange, Begumov\u00e1 a pr\u00e1vn\u00ed st\u00e1t"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

P\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b p\u0159ed deseti lety, kdy bylo je\u0161t\u011b norm\u00e1ln\u00ed, \u017ee se lid\u00e9 mlad\u0161\u00ed 50 let bavili na Facebooku o politice, jedna z m\u00fdch kamar\u00e1dek, irsk\u00e1 odbor\u00e1\u0159ka, hrd\u011b zve\u0159ejnila fotografii ob\u0159\u00edho Juliana Assange<\/a> <\/strong>plak\u00e1tu, kter\u00fd zdobil st\u011bnu jej\u00ed lo\u017enice. V koment\u00e1\u0159\u00edch se objevila kysel\u00e1 pozn\u00e1mka. „Je to vtip?“ zeptal se jeden americk\u00fd aktivista \u017eij\u00edc\u00ed v Irsku, kter\u00e9ho jsem ned\u00e1vno vid\u011bl p\u0159edn\u00e1\u0161et na shrom\u00e1\u017ed\u011bn\u00ed za pr\u00e1va na potrat v Dublinu. Zda bylo pohrd\u00e1n\u00ed t\u00e9to \u017eeny vyvol\u00e1no n\u011bkolikan\u00e1sobn\u00fdm obvin\u011bn\u00edm Assange ze zn\u00e1siln\u011bn\u00ed, nebo n\u00e1zorem, kter\u00fd hl\u00e1s\u00e1 mnoho americk\u00fdch liber\u00e1l\u016f, \u017ee Assange je p\u011b\u0161\u00e1k<\/a> Ruska Ruska<\/a>, nev\u00edm. Tuto vpravd\u011b trivi\u00e1ln\u00ed anekdotu uv\u00e1d\u00edm proto, \u017ee znamenala okam\u017eik, kdy jsem si v\u0161iml, \u017ee podpora Assange se st\u00e1v\u00e1 st\u00e1le v\u00edce okrajovou pozic\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Jak p\u00ed\u0161e socialistick\u00fd spisovatel Thomas Fazi<\/strong> pe\u010dliv\u011b nasti\u0148uje<\/a> v Unherd<\/strong><\/em>, n\u011bkolikan\u00e1sobn\u00fd \u00fatok, \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u011b spol\u00e9haj\u00edc\u00ed na neznalost ve\u0159ejnosti, \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u011b utnul velkou \u010d\u00e1st podpory, kterou by si Assange zd\u00e1nliv\u011b zaslou\u017eil. „Nedostatek z\u00e1jmu britsk\u00e9 vl\u00e1dy o Assange\u016fv osud nen\u00ed p\u0159ekvapiv\u00fd,“ p\u00ed\u0161e Fazi. „Je\u0161t\u011b znepokojiv\u011bj\u0161\u00ed je skute\u010dnost, \u017ee se zd\u00e1, \u017ee i velk\u00e1 \u010d\u00e1st ve\u0159ejnosti je pom\u011brn\u011b lhostejn\u00e1. Je to pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b d\u016fsledek kampan\u011b veden\u00e9 proti Assangeovi v posledn\u00edch deseti a p\u016fl letech, jej\u00edm\u017e c\u00edlem bylo zni\u010dit jeho pov\u011bst a p\u0159ipravit ho o podporu ve\u0159ejnosti. Ti, kte\u0159\u00ed nejsou zasv\u011bceni do podrobnost\u00ed p\u0159\u00edpadu, si dokonce mohou myslet, \u017ee Assange je ve v\u011bzen\u00ed proto, \u017ee byl odsouzen za jeden z mnoha zlo\u010din\u016f, z nich\u017e byl v pr\u016fb\u011bhu let obvin\u011bn – od zn\u00e1siln\u011bn\u00ed p\u0159es kybernetickou kriminalitu a\u017e po \u0161pion\u00e1\u017e.“<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Assange zaplatil nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed cenu (svou psychickou a fyzickou pohodu<\/a> a svou svobodu) za „b\u011b\u017enou novin\u00e1\u0159skou praxi z\u00edsk\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed a zve\u0159ej\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed utajovan\u00fdch informac\u00ed [….], kter\u00e9 jsou pravdiv\u00e9 a maj\u00ed z\u0159ejm\u00fd a d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fd ve\u0159ejn\u00fd z\u00e1jem“, jak se vyj\u00e1d\u0159il jeden z Assangeov\u00fdch pr\u00e1vn\u00edk\u016f p\u0159i \u00fanorov\u00e9m jedn\u00e1n\u00ed britsk\u00e9ho Nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00edho soudu, kter\u00fd rozhodne, zda bude zakladatel WikiLeaks vyd\u00e1n do USA. Podle Faziho je Assange\u016fv p\u0159\u00edb\u011bh „o mnohem v\u00edce ne\u017e o jednom \u010dlov\u011bku: je o tom, zda chcete \u017e\u00edt ve spole\u010dnosti, kde mohou novin\u00e1\u0159i odhalovat zlo\u010diny mocn\u00fdch bez obav, \u017ee budou pron\u00e1sledov\u00e1ni a uv\u011bzn\u011bni. Pokud britsk\u00fd st\u00e1t umo\u017en\u00ed Assangeovo vyd\u00e1n\u00ed do USA, nezasad\u00ed t\u00edm potenci\u00e1ln\u011b smrtelnou r\u00e1nu jen jednomu \u010dlov\u011bku, ale samotn\u00e9mu pr\u00e1vn\u00edmu st\u00e1tu.“<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dal\u0161\u00edm ned\u00e1vn\u00fdm p\u0159\u00edpadem britsk\u00e9ho soudu s potenci\u00e1ln\u011b dalekos\u00e1hl\u00fdmi d\u016fsledky je odvol\u00e1n\u00ed Shamimy Begumov\u00e9 narozen\u00e9 ve Velk\u00e9 Brit\u00e1nii, kter\u00e1 se chce vr\u00e1tit do sv\u00e9 rodn\u00e9 zem\u011b pot\u00e9, co str\u00e1vila v\u00edce ne\u017e p\u011bt let v syrsk\u00e9m deten\u010dn\u00edm t\u00e1bo\u0159e. T\u0159i soudci 23. \u00fanora jednomysln\u011b zam\u00edtli odvol\u00e1n\u00ed Begumov\u00e9, jak o tom informoval<\/a> Dan Sabbagh<\/strong> v The Guardian<\/em>.<\/strong> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

V roce 2015 Begumov\u00e1 odcestovala do S\u00fdrie<\/a> kdy\u017e j\u00ed bylo 15 let, aby se p\u0159ipojila k Isl\u00e1msk\u00e9mu st\u00e1tu (ISIS), a n\u00e1sledn\u011b byla zbavena britsk\u00e9ho ob\u010danstv\u00ed. Podle \u00fanorov\u00e9ho rozhodnut\u00ed, kdy\u017e ministr vnitra Sajid Javid rozhodl o odebr\u00e1n\u00ed ob\u010danstv\u00ed Begumov\u00e9 v roce 2019, nevedlo by toto rozhodnut\u00ed technicky k tomu, \u017ee by se mlad\u00e1 \u017eena stala osobou bez st\u00e1tn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161nosti, proto\u017ee m\u011bla n\u00e1rok na banglad\u00e9\u0161sk\u00e9 ob\u010danstv\u00ed. Nicm\u00e9n\u011b nyn\u00ed, kdy\u017e tento n\u00e1rok vypr\u0161el, z\u016fstala Begumov\u00e1 ve skute\u010dnosti bez st\u00e1tn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161nosti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tento v\u00fdsledek je v rozporu s platn\u00fdmi britsk\u00fdmi pr\u00e1vn\u00edmi p\u0159edpisy, jak uv\u00e1d\u00ed spisovatel a pr\u00e1vn\u00edk David Allen Green<\/strong> vysv\u011btluje<\/a> v Pohledu<\/strong><\/em>. „Dokonce i p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00e9 pr\u00e1vn\u00ed p\u0159edpisy v\u00fdslovn\u011b uv\u00e1d\u011bj\u00ed, \u017ee ministr vnitra nesm\u00ed vydat p\u0159\u00edkaz ke zbaven\u00ed britsk\u00e9ho ob\u010danstv\u00ed, pokud je „p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010den, \u017ee by p\u0159\u00edkaz u\u010dinil osobu bez st\u00e1tn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161nosti“. A p\u0159esto je Begumov\u00e1 nad\u00e1le zadr\u017eov\u00e1na v uprchlick\u00e9m t\u00e1bo\u0159e v S\u00fdrii, bez pr\u00e1v a v\u00fdsad vypl\u00fdvaj\u00edc\u00edch z ob\u010danstv\u00ed Spojen\u00e9ho kr\u00e1lovstv\u00ed nebo jin\u00e9ho st\u00e1tu.“  <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nespokojenost s v\u00fdsledkem odvol\u00e1n\u00ed Begumov\u00e9 nepramen\u00ed jen z liber\u00e1ln\u00edch nebo pokrokov\u00fdch kruh\u016f. Mnoz\u00ed brit\u0161t\u00ed konzervativci jsou d\u016fsledky p\u0159\u00edpadu znepokojeni, v\u010detn\u011b Petera Hitchense<\/strong>, kter\u00fd p\u00ed\u0161e<\/a> v Daily Mail<\/strong><\/em> o „davov\u00e9 spravedlnosti“ a „trestu bez soudu“. Pro konzervativn\u00edho poslance Jacoba Rees-Mogga<\/strong>, p\u00ed\u0161e<\/a> v Spectator<\/strong><\/em>, rozsudek podkop\u00e1v\u00e1 samotnou \u00fastavu. „Rozhodnut\u00ed zbavit Begumovou ob\u010danstv\u00ed je \u0161patn\u00e9, proto\u017ee \u00fato\u010d\u00ed na dva pil\u00ed\u0159e \u00fastavy, kter\u00e9 n\u00e1s v\u0161echny chr\u00e1n\u00ed,“ p\u00ed\u0161e Rees-Mogg. „Prvn\u00edm principem, kter\u00fd je poru\u0161en, je my\u0161lenka rovnosti v\u0161ech britsk\u00fdch ob\u010dan\u016f p\u0159ed z\u00e1konem. Mo\u017enost zbavit britsk\u00e9ho pasu lidi, kte\u0159\u00ed maj\u00ed n\u00e1rok na jin\u00e9 ob\u010danstv\u00ed, vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed dv\u011b kategorie Brit\u016f. […] Druh\u00fdm pil\u00ed\u0159em \u00fastavy, kter\u00fd byl ignorov\u00e1n, je pr\u00e1vo na soudn\u00ed \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed p\u0159ed porotou.“ <\/p>\n\n\n\n

S v\u00fdjimkou Hitchense, kter\u00fd z\u0159ejm\u011b p\u0159ipou\u0161t\u00ed, \u017ee Begumov\u00e9 ne\u0161t\u011bst\u00ed je d\u016fsledkem mladick\u00e9 naivity, nikdo z v\u00fd\u0161e uveden\u00fdch autor\u016f nutn\u011b neobhajuje samotnou Begumovou. Stejn\u011b jako v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b Assange jde sp\u00ed\u0161e o rozhodnut\u00ed s potenci\u00e1ln\u011b z\u00e1va\u017en\u00fdmi d\u016fsledky pro pr\u00e1vn\u00ed st\u00e1t. „ISIS byl zt\u011blesn\u011bn\u00edm zla,“ p\u00ed\u0161e Rees-Mogg, „a jeho stoupenci si zaslou\u017e\u00ed b\u00fdt pron\u00e1sledov\u00e1ni a st\u00edh\u00e1ni. Pokud v\u0161ak v tomto procesu zapomeneme na pr\u00e1vn\u00ed st\u00e1t a u\u010din\u00edme jej sv\u00e9voln\u00fdm, pak nebudeme br\u00e1nit na\u0161e hodnoty, ale vzd\u00e1me se jich.“<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Od doby, kdy p\u0159ed v\u00edce ne\u017e \u010dty\u0159mi lety skon\u010dila v S\u00fdrii pozemn\u00ed v\u00e1lka proti ISIS, musely z\u00e1padn\u00ed zem\u011b repatriovat sv\u00e9 ob\u010dany, kte\u0159\u00ed se rozhodli k teroristick\u00e9 organizaci p\u0159ipojit. A\u010dkoli se tento proces nikdy neobejde bez kontroverz\u00ed, Brit\u00e1nie<\/a> se k n\u00e1vratu britsk\u00fdch ob\u010dan\u016f stav\u011bla obzvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165 odm\u00edtav\u011b. „Po repatriaci pouh\u00fdch dvou dosp\u011bl\u00fdch a asi patn\u00e1cti d\u011bt\u00ed,“ Haroon Siddique<\/strong> p\u00ed\u0161e<\/a> v The Guardian<\/strong><\/em>, „je Velk\u00e1 Brit\u00e1nie v\u00fdjimkou. Nap\u0159\u00edklad ze sv\u00fdch spojenc\u016f, Francie<\/a> repatriovala v\u00edce ne\u017e 160 d\u011bt\u00ed a v\u00edce ne\u017e 50 \u017een, zat\u00edmco N\u011bmecko<\/a> p\u0159ijalo zp\u011bt t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 100 \u017een a d\u011bt\u00ed.“<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Jestli\u017ee je repatriace islamist\u016f – nebo dokonce odm\u00edtnut\u00ed jejich repatriace – pro politiky jako Sajid Javid p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitost\u00ed vyu\u017e\u00edt z\u00e1kon k tomu, aby „\u0161li p\u0159\u00edkladem“, stejn\u011b tak je tomu i s jejich deportac\u00ed. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Na konci \u00fanora Francie deportovala im\u00e1ma Mahjouba Mahjoubiho do zem\u011b, jej\u00ed\u017e je ob\u010danem, Tunisko<\/a>, pot\u00e9, co se objevilo video, na n\u011bm\u017e k\u00e1\u017ee „nen\u00e1vist k Francii“ a \u017eidovsk\u00e9 komunit\u011b. Mahjoubi \u017eil ve Francii od roku 1986 a m\u00e1 tam man\u017eelku a p\u011bt d\u011bt\u00ed<\/a> . Francouzsk\u00fd ministr vnitra G\u00e9rald Darmanin pohotov\u011b prohl\u00e1sil<\/a> \u017ee za rychlou deportaci vd\u011b\u010d\u00ed zem\u011b ned\u00e1vno zaveden\u00e9mu z\u00e1konu o imigraci<\/a>. Jak n\u00e1s v\u0161ak Julia Pascual<\/strong> informuje<\/a> v Le Monde<\/strong><\/em>, v\u0161echny legislativn\u00ed n\u00e1stroje pot\u0159ebn\u00e9 k deportaci kazatele ji\u017e existovaly.  <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Tento m\u011bs\u00edc nav\u0161t\u00edv\u00edme soudy ve Spojen\u00e9m kr\u00e1lovstv\u00ed, kde by dva velmi odli\u0161n\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edpady mohly m\u00edt mimo jin\u00e9 znepokojiv\u00e9 d\u016fsledky pro pr\u00e1vn\u00ed st\u00e1t.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":31487,"parent":0,"template":"","tags":[],"displeu_category":[],"class_list":["post-31504","article","type-article","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/archive.displayeurope.eu\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/article\/31504","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/archive.displayeurope.eu\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/article"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/archive.displayeurope.eu\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/article"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/archive.displayeurope.eu\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/archive.displayeurope.eu\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/31487"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/archive.displayeurope.eu\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=31504"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/archive.displayeurope.eu\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=31504"},{"taxonomy":"displeu_category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/archive.displayeurope.eu\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/displeu_category?post=31504"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}