{"id":32793,"date":"2024-03-26T11:49:28","date_gmt":"2024-03-26T10:49:28","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/archive.displayeurope.eu\/?post_type=article&p=32793"},"modified":"2024-09-06T16:36:07","modified_gmt":"2024-09-06T14:36:07","slug":"a-ukrainian-oscar-crackdown-on-russian-dissent-and-border-disputes-between-allies","status":"publish","type":"article","link":"https:\/\/archive.displayeurope.eu\/tr\/article\/a-ukrainian-oscar-crackdown-on-russian-dissent-and-border-disputes-between-allies\/","title":{"rendered":"Ukrayna Oscar’\u0131, Rus muhalefetine y\u00f6nelik bask\u0131lar ve m\u00fcttefikler aras\u0131ndaki s\u0131n\u0131r anla\u015fmazl\u0131klar\u0131"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Bu y\u0131l\u0131n en iyi uzun metraj belgesel Oscar’\u0131, 2022 bahar\u0131nda Rus ordusunun sald\u0131r\u0131s\u0131na u\u011frayan kentte ya\u015fanan ac\u0131lar\u0131 anlatan 20 Days in Mariupol<\/em><\/a>,<\/strong> Ukrayna yap\u0131m\u0131 \u00fcz\u00fcc\u00fc filme gitti. T\u00fcm d\u00fcnyada film end\u00fcstrisi profesyonellerinin hayali olan heykelci\u011fi alan filmin yarat\u0131c\u0131s\u0131 Mstyslav Chernov<\/strong> Oscar almamay\u0131 tercih edece\u011fini ve filmin Ukrayna<\/a>‘da sava\u015f olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in \u00e7ekilmedi\u011fini s\u00f6yledi. K\u0131sa bir an i\u00e7in Hollywood’un \u0131\u015f\u0131lt\u0131l\u0131 atmosferi Rus sald\u0131rganl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve kurbanlar\u0131 \u00fczerine bu kasvetli d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnceyle bozuldu<\/p>.\n\n\n\n

Bir Ukrayna sava\u015f filminin Oscar almas\u0131, Ukrayna’n\u0131n sadece siyasi alanda de\u011fil k\u00fclt\u00fcrel alanda da g\u00fc\u00e7lenmesinin bir ifadesi olarak g\u00f6r\u00fclebilir. Bu nedenle, Oscar galas\u0131n\u0131n k\u0131salt\u0131lm\u0131\u015f versiyonunu yay\u0131nlamay\u0131 planlayan Ukrayna medyas\u0131, \u00f6d\u00fcl t\u00f6reninin “Mariupol’de 20 G\u00fcn”<\/a> b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn ve film ekibinin kesildi\u011fini biraz buruk bir \u015fekilde kaydetti. Etkinli\u011fin organizat\u00f6r\u00fc ve yap\u0131mc\u0131s\u0131 Disney Entertainment, birka\u00e7 saat s\u00fcren etkinli\u011fin tamam\u0131n\u0131 k\u0131saltarak 90 dakikal\u0131k bir yay\u0131na d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fcrken bu t\u00fcr kesintilerin gerekli oldu\u011funu a\u00e7\u0131klad\u0131<\/p>.\n\n\n\n

Ancak Ukraynal\u0131 k\u00f6\u015fe yazar\u0131 Vitaly Portnikov<\/strong> un ba\u015fka bir teorisi var<\/a>. Ukrayna medyas\u0131nda Espreso<\/em><\/strong>, Bat\u0131 vicdan\u0131 i\u00e7in Rusya-Ukrayna sava\u015f\u0131n\u0131n art\u0131k tarih oldu\u011funa inan\u0131yor. Bu, gazetelerin \u00f6n sayfalar\u0131ndan kaybolmu\u015f ve hayal g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fcn periferisinde bir yerde yer alan bir hikaye. Ona g\u00f6re bu sava\u015f daha yeni yeni ivme kazan\u0131yor ve Vladimir Putin’in Bat\u0131 ile n\u00fckleer bir sava\u015fa haz\u0131r oldu\u011funu ilan etmesiyle birlikte demokrasiler ile otoriterlik aras\u0131ndaki \u00e7at\u0131\u015fman\u0131n d\u00fcnyan\u0131n daha fazla b\u00f6lgesine yay\u0131lmas\u0131 ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131lmaz. Portnikov ayr\u0131ca bir y\u0131l \u00f6nce Yulia Navalny’nin Navalny<\/em> filmi i\u00e7in yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve \u00fclkesinin Rusya’n\u0131n Ukrayna’ya y\u00f6nelik sald\u0131rganl\u0131\u011f\u0131na<\/a> bir kez bile de\u011finmedi\u011fi \u00f6d\u00fcl t\u00f6reni konu\u015fmas\u0131nda hi\u00e7bir kesinti yap\u0131lmad\u0131\u011f\u0131na dikkat \u00e7ekiyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u015eubat ay\u0131nda bir Rus cezaevi kolonisinde hayat\u0131n\u0131 kaybeden muhalif lider Alexei Navalny<\/strong><\/a>, bu y\u0131lki Oscar t\u00f6reninde bir dakikal\u0131k sayg\u0131 duru\u015fuyla onurland\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131. Antropolog Katherine Verdery bir zamanlar Do\u011fu Avrupa’n\u0131n kom\u00fcnizm sonras\u0131 ge\u00e7i\u015fi ba\u011flam\u0131nda \u00f6l\u00fc bedenlerin siyaseti<\/a> \u00fczerine d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc. Bu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnceler, bir\u00e7ok izleyici i\u00e7in bir bedenin sembolik a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n binlerce insan\u0131n hayat\u0131ndan \u00e7ok daha b\u00fcy\u00fck olabilece\u011fini g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm\u00fczde daha da \u00f6nem kazan\u0131yor<\/p>.\n\n\n\n

Alexei Navalny’nin destek\u00e7ilerinin Ukrayna konusundan ka\u00e7\u0131nmalar\u0131n\u0131n pratik bir nedeni var. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc Ukraynal\u0131lar\u0131 de\u011fil Ruslar\u0131 etkilemek i\u00e7in sava\u015f\u0131yorlar. Onlar\u0131n sava\u015f\u0131 Putin rejimine kar\u015f\u0131 ve \u015fu ana kadar kazand\u0131klar\u0131 zaferler sadece manevi zaferler<\/p>.\n\n\n\n

Alexei Navalny’nin hapishanede \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclmesinden sadece birka\u00e7 hafta sonra, 12 Mart’ta hareketinin liderlerinden Leonid Volkov <\/strong> evinin yak\u0131nlar\u0131nda sald\u0131r\u0131ya u\u011frad\u0131 ve \u00e7eki\u00e7le a\u011f\u0131r bir \u015fekilde d\u00f6v\u00fcld\u00fc<\/a>. Bu olay Rusya’da de\u011fil, Litvanya’n\u0131n ba\u015fkenti Vilnius’ta meydana geldi. Volkov ayn\u0131 g\u00fcn s\u00fcrg\u00fcndeki ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z Rus portal\u0131 Meduza<\/em><\/strong>‘ya bir r\u00f6portaj veriyordu. R\u00f6portajda<\/a> en b\u00fcy\u00fck riski “hepimizi \u00f6ld\u00fcrmeleri” olarak g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc belirtmi\u015fti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Litvanya g\u00fcvenlik birimleri sald\u0131r\u0131y\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fck ihtimalle 15-17 Mart 2024’te Rusya’da yap\u0131lacak ba\u015fkanl\u0131k se\u00e7imlerinde muhalefetin etkisini k\u0131rmak amac\u0131yla Rus ajanlar\u0131n d\u00fczenledi\u011fine inan\u0131yor. D\u0131\u015fi\u015fleri Bakan\u0131 Gabrielius Landsbergis Twitter hesab\u0131ndan yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klamada<\/a> ilgili makamlar\u0131n i\u015f ba\u015f\u0131nda oldu\u011funu ve Leonid Volkov’a y\u00f6nelik sald\u0131r\u0131dan sorumlu olanlar\u0131n cezaland\u0131r\u0131laca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yledi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sald\u0131r\u0131, muhabir Yelena Kostyuchenko<\/a>‘nun zehirlenmesi Almanya ve Ukrayna ile \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaya giden Rus pilot Maksim Kuzminov<\/a>‘un \u0130spanya’da vah\u015fice \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclmesinin hemen ard\u0131ndan geldi. Avrupa’n\u0131n kar\u015f\u0131 istihbarat servislerinin s\u00fcrg\u00fcndeki Rus muhaliflerin g\u00fcvenli\u011fini sa\u011flamakta zorland\u0131\u011f\u0131 a\u015fik\u00e2r. Pop\u00fcler Rus siyasi analist Ekaterina Shulman<\/strong> \u0131n da belirtti\u011fi gibi, Rus ajanlar\u0131 Avrupa’da sanki bir a\u00e7\u0131k b\u00fcfedeymi\u015f gibi serbest\u00e7e dola\u015f\u0131yor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

 Polonya<\/a>‘da \u00e7ift\u00e7iler ve di\u011fer baz\u0131 gruplar taraf\u0131ndan Ukrayna s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131nda d\u00fczenlenen protestolar haftalard\u0131r devam ediyor. Resmi olarak protesto ve abluka Ukrayna’dan g\u0131da ve tar\u0131m \u00fcr\u00fcnleri ithalat\u0131n\u0131 hedefliyor. Ancak pratikte, s\u0131n\u0131r ge\u00e7i\u015flerinin ve yollar\u0131n bozulmas\u0131, cephede ihtiya\u00e7 duyulanlar da dahil olmak \u00fczere t\u00fcm mallar\u0131n ta\u015f\u0131nmas\u0131n\u0131 engelliyor. Polonyal\u0131 protestocular\u0131n tren vagonlar\u0131ndan ve konteyn\u0131rlardan Ukrayna mallar\u0131n\u0131 att\u0131\u011f\u0131 birka\u00e7 durumun ard\u0131ndan Polonya ba\u015fbakan\u0131 nihayet s\u0131n\u0131r ge\u00e7i\u015flerini \u00f6zel olarak korunan kritik altyap\u0131 listesine dahil etmeye karar verdi. Sava\u015f halindeki bir \u00fclke ile olan s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131n kritik olarak de\u011ferlendirilmemi\u015f olmas\u0131 pek \u00e7ok ki\u015fi i\u00e7in s\u00fcrpriz oldu<\/p>.\n\n\n\n

S\u0131n\u0131r ablukas\u0131 Polonya-Ukrayna ili\u015fkilerine g\u00f6lge d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fcyor. Ukraynal\u0131lar, AB’nin \u015eubat 2022’den bu yana kendilerine sundu\u011fu elveri\u015fli ticaret d\u00fczenlemelerini s\u00fcrd\u00fcrmek istiyor. Polonyal\u0131 \u00e7ift\u00e7iler ise s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131n Ukrayna \u00fcr\u00fcnlerine tamamen kapat\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 istiyor. Bu arada, geni\u015f \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde g\u00f6z ard\u0131 edilen uzmanlar, Kaja Puto<\/strong> reports<\/a> in Krytyka Polityczna<\/em><\/strong>, Polonya pazar\u0131ndaki d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck tah\u0131l fiyatlar\u0131n\u0131n Ukrayna tah\u0131l ak\u0131n\u0131n\u0131n bir sonucu olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, d\u00fcnya pazarlar\u0131ndaki fiyatlar\u0131n bir yans\u0131mas\u0131 oldu\u011funu a\u00e7\u0131klad\u0131. Bu fiyatlar Rusya’n\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00fcretimi nedeniyle kesinlikle d\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.<\/p>

\n\n\n\n

Ukrayna’da, Polonya’n\u0131n Rusya<\/a> ya da Belarus<\/a> ile ticarette bir sorun g\u00f6rmezken s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131 kendilerine kapatmas\u0131n\u0131 talep etmesine \u00f6fke duyuluyor. Ne de olsa g\u0131da \u00fcr\u00fcnleri yapt\u0131r\u0131m kapsam\u0131nda olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in bu t\u00fcr bir ticaret yasad\u0131\u015f\u0131 de\u011fildir. Ortam, bu durumu belgelemeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan baz\u0131 Ukraynal\u0131 gazetecilerin<\/a> Polonya’da g\u00f6zalt\u0131na al\u0131nmas\u0131yla daha da \u0131s\u0131nd\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ukraynal\u0131lar da Polonyal\u0131 \u00e7ift\u00e7ilerin Ukrayna tah\u0131l\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7\u00f6pe atma g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fclerini pek ho\u015f kar\u015f\u0131lamad\u0131. Stalin’in 1930’larda yapay olarak ba\u015flatt\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve milyonlarca Ukraynal\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcne yol a\u00e7an bir k\u0131tl\u0131k olan Holodomor<\/a>‘u ya\u015fam\u0131\u015f bir ulus i\u00e7in bu t\u00fcr eylemler d\u00fcped\u00fcz k\u00fcf\u00fcr anlam\u0131na geliyor. Ba\u015fkan Volodymyr Zelensky<\/a> nin s\u0131k s\u0131k i\u015faret etti\u011fi gibi, Ukraynal\u0131 \u00e7ift\u00e7ilerin bazen ate\u015f alt\u0131nda \u00fcr\u00fcnlerini hasat ettikleri ya da Rus ordusu taraf\u0131ndan tarlalar\u0131na b\u0131rak\u0131lan may\u0131nlarla \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fckleri g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcne al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, bu \u00f6zellikle do\u011frudur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ne yaz\u0131k ki t\u00fcm taraflar\u0131 tamamen tatmin edecek basit bir \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm mevcut de\u011fil. Bunun yerine Polonya’n\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcnde 7 Nisan’da yap\u0131lmas\u0131 planlanan yerel se\u00e7imler var. \u0130ktidardaki koalisyon, Jaros\u0142aw Kaczy\u0144ski<\/a>‘nin Hukuk ve Adalet partisini, geleneksel kaleleri olan Polonya illeri de dahil olmak \u00fczere yenilgiye u\u011fratmak istiyor. Hemen ard\u0131ndan da Avrupa Parlamentosu i\u00e7in se\u00e7im kampanyas\u0131 ba\u015flayacak. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla Tusk h\u00fck\u00fcmeti i\u00e7in \u00e7ift\u00e7ilerle hesapla\u015fma zaman\u0131 de\u011fil.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Polonya’da yerel se\u00e7imler<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u00c7ift\u00e7ilerin protestolar\u0131 ve \u00f6zellikle de d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck kaliteli Ukrayna yemeklerinin Polonya sofralar\u0131na ula\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u00f6ylemi, Ukrayna’ya kar\u015f\u0131, sadece iki y\u0131l \u00f6nceki Rus sald\u0131r\u0131s\u0131ndan sonra d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclemeyecek bir k\u0131zg\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131 k\u00f6r\u00fckl\u00fcyor. O g\u00fcnlerde hakim olan dayan\u0131\u015fma atmosferi \u015fimdi ger\u00e7ekten uzak g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcyor. Ipsos taraf\u0131ndan yap\u0131lan bir ankete g\u00f6re Polonyal\u0131lar\u0131n y\u00fczde 78’i \u00e7ift\u00e7ilerin protestolar\u0131n\u0131 ve taleplerini destekliyor<\/a>. Benzer bir oran da Ukrayna’dan ithalat\u0131 durdurman\u0131n Rusya ile sava\u015f\u0131nda Ukrayna’ya zarar verebilece\u011fi arg\u00fcman\u0131n\u0131 reddediyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ukrayna taraf\u0131nda ise durum, Polonya’da parlamento se\u00e7imlerinin yakla\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 sonbahardakine benziyor. \u015eimdi pek \u00e7ok ki\u015fi se\u00e7im d\u00f6ng\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fcn bitmesini beklemek gerekti\u011fine ve durumun normalle\u015fece\u011fine inan\u0131yor. Sorun \u015fu ki Rusya-Ukrayna cephesindeki sava\u015f Polonya’daki se\u00e7im takvimine ba\u011fl\u0131 de\u011fil ve yaza kadar beklemeyecek.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00c7eviren Harry Bowden<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Do\u011fu Avrupa’da neler oluyor? Oscar \u00f6d\u00fcll\u00fc Ukrayna belgeseli “Mariupol’de 20 G\u00fcn”, yurtd\u0131\u015f\u0131ndaki Rus muhaliflere y\u00f6nelik son sald\u0131r\u0131lar muhalefete y\u00f6nelik devam eden tehditlerin alt\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7iziyor ve Polonya-Ukrayna ili\u015fkileri s\u0131n\u0131r protestolar\u0131 ve ticari anla\u015fmazl\u0131klar nedeniyle geriliyor.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":32637,"parent":0,"template":"","tags":[],"displeu_category":[],"class_list":["post-32793","article","type-article","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/archive.displayeurope.eu\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/article\/32793","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/archive.displayeurope.eu\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/article"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/archive.displayeurope.eu\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/article"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/archive.displayeurope.eu\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/archive.displayeurope.eu\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/32637"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/archive.displayeurope.eu\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=32793"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/archive.displayeurope.eu\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=32793"},{"taxonomy":"displeu_category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/archive.displayeurope.eu\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/displeu_category?post=32793"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}