{"id":40065,"date":"2024-05-21T09:10:15","date_gmt":"2024-05-21T07:10:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/archive.displayeurope.eu\/article\/mega-yanginlar-avrupayi-yakiyor-hazir-miyiz\/"},"modified":"2024-09-06T16:34:09","modified_gmt":"2024-09-06T14:34:09","slug":"mega-yanginlar-avrupayi-yakiyor-hazir-miyiz","status":"publish","type":"article","link":"https:\/\/archive.displayeurope.eu\/tr\/article\/mega-yanginlar-avrupayi-yakiyor-hazir-miyiz\/","title":{"rendered":"Mega yang\u0131nlar Avrupa’y\u0131 yak\u0131yor. Haz\u0131r m\u0131y\u0131z?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Bu makale, Mariangela Paone, Ra\u00fal Rej\u00f3n, Sof\u00eda P\u00e9rez ve Ra\u00fal S\u00e1nchez taraf\u0131ndan El Diario’nun Avrupa’daki mega yang\u0131nlarla ilgili daha geni\u015f kapsaml\u0131 multimedya projesinden al\u0131nan \u00fc\u00e7 makalelik bir serinin par\u00e7as\u0131d\u0131r. <\/em>Giri\u015f | B\u00f6l\u00fcm I<\/a> | B\u00f6l\u00fcm II<\/a> | B\u00f6l\u00fcm III<\/a>
Orijinal multimedya projesi<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u015eiddetli r\u00fczgarlar ve y\u00fcksek s\u0131cakl\u0131klar\u0131n etkisiyle Dedea\u011fa\u00e7 kasabas\u0131 yak\u0131nlar\u0131nda ba\u015flayan yang\u0131n h\u0131zla b\u00f6lgeye yay\u0131larak yakla\u015f\u0131k 100.000 hektarl\u0131k alan\u0131 tahrip etti, evleri yok etti ve bitki \u00f6rt\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fc kavrulmu\u015f topra\u011fa d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcrd\u00fc. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bu yang\u0131n Avrupa’n\u0131n yeni orman tehlikesini temsil ediyor. Mega yang\u0131nlar 700 futbol sahas\u0131na e\u015fde\u011fer bir alan\u0131 yakmaktad\u0131r. K\u0131tada yanan her \u00fc\u00e7 hektardan ikisine bu b\u00fcy\u00fck yang\u0131nlar neden olmaktad\u0131r. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

G\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcz her k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 balon, 2000 y\u0131l\u0131ndan bu yana Avrupa’da meydana gelen 500 hektardan b\u00fcy\u00fck bir yang\u0131n\u0131 temsil etmektedir. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Son 20 y\u0131lda uydular, b\u00fcy\u00fck orman yang\u0131nlar\u0131 (GIF’ler) olarak adland\u0131r\u0131lan 500 hektardan b\u00fcy\u00fck 4.200’den fazla yang\u0131n tespit etmi\u015ftir. Ve e\u011filim yukar\u0131 do\u011fru: giderek daha fazla b\u00fcy\u00fck yang\u0131n \u00e7\u0131k\u0131yor ve hepsinden \u00f6nemlisi, bunlar giderek daha y\u0131k\u0131c\u0131 ve kontrol edilemez hale geliyor. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Orman yang\u0131nlar\u0131yla k\u0131s\u0131r bir d\u00f6ng\u00fc yaratan iklim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011finin halihaz\u0131rda g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcr olan etkilerinden bir di\u011feri de budur. \u0130klim krizi, giderek uzayan y\u00fcksek riskli mevsimlerle birlikte yang\u0131n\u0131n yay\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 destekleyen ko\u015fullar yaratmaktad\u0131r. Yang\u0131nlar\u0131n kendisi de atmosfere b\u00fcy\u00fck miktarda CO2 sal\u0131yor ve bu da d\u00f6ng\u00fcye geri d\u00f6n\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ayn\u0131 zamanda yay\u0131lma \u015fekillerini de de\u011fi\u015ftiriyor. Baz\u0131lar\u0131 alt\u0131nc\u0131 nesil yang\u0131nlar olarak adland\u0131r\u0131lan ve b\u00f6lgedeki meteorolojik ko\u015fullar\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftiren olaylara dahil edilmi\u015ftir. Madrid Complutense \u00dcniversitesi Ormanc\u0131l\u0131k Co\u011frafyas\u0131, Politikas\u0131 ve Sosyoekonomisi Ara\u015ft\u0131rma Grubu uzman\u0131 Critina Montiel, onlar\u0131 “kendi hayatlar\u0131 olan ate\u015f bulutlar\u0131” olarak adland\u0131r\u0131yor. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bunlar, yak\u0131t miktar\u0131, ula\u015ft\u0131klar\u0131 s\u0131cakl\u0131klar ve onlar\u0131 besleyen r\u00fczgarlar nedeniyle “s\u00f6nd\u00fcr\u00fclemez” hale gelen yang\u0131nlard\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca, 2022’de Sierra Culebra’da (Zamora) meydana gelen yang\u0131nda oldu\u011fu gibi, yang\u0131n f\u0131rt\u0131nalar\u0131na yol a\u00e7abilecek pirok\u00fcm\u00fcl\u00fcs bulutlar\u0131n\u0131n olu\u015fumu gibi ekstrem olaylar yaratabilirler.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bu b\u00fcy\u00fck yang\u0131nlardan en \u00e7ok etkilenen b\u00f6lgeler G\u00fcney Avrupa’da yo\u011funla\u015fmaktad\u0131r. \u00dc\u00e7 \u00fclke – \u0130spanya, Yunanistan ve Portekiz – 2000-2023 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda b\u00fcy\u00fck yang\u0131nlarda yanan yakla\u015f\u0131k 8 milyon hektarl\u0131k alan\u0131n %57’sini olu\u015fturmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bu \u00fclkeler ayn\u0131 zamanda yang\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131na ortalama yanan alan\u0131n en y\u00fcksek oldu\u011fu \u00fc\u00e7 \u00fclkedir. Ba\u015fka bir deyi\u015fle, buralar sadece en b\u00fcy\u00fck yang\u0131nlar\u0131n meydana geldi\u011fi b\u00f6lgeler de\u011fil, ayn\u0131 zamanda meydana geldiklerinde de daha \u015fiddetli yan\u0131yorlar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

CSIC-Oviedo \u00dcniversitesi’nde ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131 olan Cristina Sant\u00edn, “Daha fazla yang\u0131n g\u00f6rm\u00fcyoruz, ancak daha b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7ekli yang\u0131nlar g\u00f6r\u00fcyoruz” diyor. Sant\u00edn, bir GIF’in patlamas\u0131 i\u00e7in “yanabilecek bitki \u00f6rt\u00fcs\u00fc olmas\u0131 gerekiyor, ancak ayn\u0131 zamanda kuru olmas\u0131 da gerekiyor ve y\u00fcksek s\u0131cakl\u0131klar – ve r\u00fczgar – iklim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011finden etkileniyor” diyor. “\u00d6rne\u011fin \u0130spanya’da her iki fakt\u00f6re de sahibiz”.

Sant\u00edn, Yang\u0131n Hava Endeksi (FWI) olarak adland\u0131r\u0131lan orman yang\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131n yay\u0131lmas\u0131na elveri\u015fli hava ko\u015fullar\u0131n\u0131n nas\u0131l k\u00f6t\u00fcle\u015fti\u011fine ili\u015fkin bir ara\u015ft\u0131rmaya kat\u0131ld\u0131. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nem, r\u00fczgar veya s\u0131cakl\u0131k gibi hava ko\u015fullar\u0131n\u0131 dikkate alan ancak bitki \u00f6rt\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fc dikkate almayan bu endeks, alarmlar\u0131n tetiklenmesini sa\u011flamaz. Ancak, hak talebi beyan edildi\u011finde, bu ko\u015fullar onu k\u00f6r\u00fckler.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0130klim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011finin bir sonucu olarak durumun daha da k\u00f6t\u00fcle\u015fece\u011fi tahmin edilmektedir. Y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n sonunda \u0130spanya, \u0130talya ve Yunanistan’da orman yang\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131n yay\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in %20-40 daha fazla g\u00fcn olacak.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BU SENARYO \u0130\u00c7\u0130N elDiario.es, Avrupa’da son y\u0131llarda ya\u015fanan en k\u00f6t\u00fc \u00fc\u00e7 mega yang\u0131ndan etkilenen Yunanistan, Portekiz ve \u0130spanya’ya gitti. <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ne gibi dersler \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131k?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Daha iyi haz\u0131rland\u0131k m\u0131?<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

ElDiario.es, Avrupa’da son y\u0131llarda ya\u015fanan en k\u00f6t\u00fc \u00fc\u00e7 mega yang\u0131ndan etkilenen Yunanistan, Portekiz ve \u0130spanya’ya giderek, ne gibi dersler \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 ve giderek s\u0131kla\u015fan olaylara kar\u015f\u0131 daha haz\u0131rl\u0131kl\u0131 olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 anlamak i\u00e7in seyahat etti.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":39556,"parent":0,"template":"","tags":[],"displeu_category":[],"class_list":["post-40065","article","type-article","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/archive.displayeurope.eu\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/article\/40065","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/archive.displayeurope.eu\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/article"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/archive.displayeurope.eu\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/article"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/archive.displayeurope.eu\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/archive.displayeurope.eu\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/39556"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/archive.displayeurope.eu\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=40065"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/archive.displayeurope.eu\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=40065"},{"taxonomy":"displeu_category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/archive.displayeurope.eu\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/displeu_category?post=40065"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}